MMic tut 1-4: A stimulated Case

List of possible diseases

a)Nisha

1)Viral hemorrhagic fever is caused by ebola virus. Often found in rodents.

Link : http://healthlink.mcw.edu >article>955159073.html

2)Typhus is caused by a bacteria that can be found in rats and Can be transmitted to human due to poor personal hygiene. Symptoms are fever and rashes.

Link : http://en.wikipedia.org >wiki>Epidemic_Typhus

3)Leprosy is caused by a mycobacteria that can infect people living in poor conditions and sanitization( higher risk). Symptoms are rashes and body weakness.

Link : http://en.wikipedia.org >wiki>Leprosy

b)Nur Zahirah

1) Plague is caused by a bacterium Yersinia pestis and people get infected when they got bitten by the infected flea or when handling animal. Symptoms include fever

Link : http://www.cdc.gov >ncidod>dvbid>plague

2)Leptospirosis caused by bacteria of the genus Leptospira. Dogs in urban or rural areas can carry the bacteriumSymptoms include high fever and rash.

Link : http://www.orlandorats.com >diseases.htm

3)Typhoid fever caused by a bacteria called Salmonella typhi that is found in the stools of infected person. Symptoms include fever, skin rash and weakness

Link : http://www.metrokc.gov >health>prevcont>typhoid.htm#diagnosis

c) Sharon

1)Bubonic plague is the best-known variant of the deadly infectious disease plague, which is caused by the enterobacteria Yersinia pestis. The epidemiological use of the term plague is currently applied to bacterial infections that cause buboes, although historically the medical use of the term plague has been applied to pandemic infections generally.

Link : http://en.wikipedia.org >wiki>Bubonic_plague

2) Typhus fever is a potentially fatal, infectious disease caused by the bacterium Rickettsia prowazekii. Also known as epidemic typhus, this disease is transmitted to humans by body lice. Though it has occurred on all continents throughout the world except Australia, typhus fever is not common in the United States.

Link : http://www.azdhs.gov >phs>edc>edrp>es>typhusfeverf.htm

d) KangTing

1) Murine typhus is an infectious disease that is spread by lice or fleas. Some symptoms for this disease include extremely high fever (105 to 106 degrees Fahrenheit), which may last up to 2 weeks and dull red rash that begins on middle of the body.

Link : http://www.nlm.nih.gov >medlineplus>ency>article>001363.htm

2) Plague is an infectious disease of animals and humans caused by a bacterium named Yersinia pestis. It is a flea-borne disease and can be transmitted via respiratory droplets from cats and humans with pneumonic plague.

Link : http://www.cdc.gov >ncidod>dvbid>plague>facts.htm

3) Lyme disease is caused by the bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi and is transmitted to humans by the bite of infected blacklegged ticks. Some og the symptoms include a circular rash called erythema migrans or EM. Patients also experience symptoms of fatigue, chills, fever, headache, and muscle and joint aches, and swollen lymph nodes.

Link: http://www.cdc.gov>ncidod>dvbid>lyme>ld_humandisease_symptoms.htm

e) May Lee

1)Hookworm infection is a disease caused by infestation with the roundworms Necator americanus, Ancylostoma duodenale, Ancylostoma ceylanicum, or Ancylostoma braziliense. The symptoms of animal hookworm infection in people can get painful and itchy skin infections. Mainly caused by the eggs can hatch into larvae, and both eggs and larvae which can be found in dirt where animals have been.

Link : http://www.nlm.nih.gov > medlineplus>ency>article>000629.htm
Link : http://en.wikipedia.org >wiki>Hookworm_infections

2) Colorado tick fever is an viral infection transmitted by the bite of the Dermacentor andersoni tick. The symptoms includes headache, fever, rash and muscle pain.

Link : http://www.nlm.nih.gov > medlineplus>ency>article>000675.htm
Link : http://en.wikipedia.org >wiki> Colorado_tick_fever

3) Trichinosis is an infection cuased by the roundworm Trichinella spiralis it is usually infecting by consuming undercooked meat containing this microbe. High fever ,muscle pain and Pink eye (conjunctivitis) are some of the common symptoms experiences when infected with Trichinosis.

Link : http://www.nlm.nih.gov > medlineplus>ency>article> 000631.htm

f) Johanna

1)Causative agent: Bite from Ixodes Tick transmitting the bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi
Disease caused: Lyme disease
Known symptoms: Fever, headache, stiff neck or neck pain, fatigue, erythema migrans
(slowly-expanding “ bull’s-eye” rash)
(observed symptoms are in bold)

Reasons for diagnosis: Lyme disease is normally diagnosed by symptoms, physical findings (eg. rash) and the possible exposure to infected ticks. Since the 85 year-old man has been feeding stray cats and dogs, there is a high probability that the man could have been bitten by an infected tick.

Physical examination: Main method of diagnosis. At the early stage of the disease, serological testing is usually not done. Furthermore, patients of EM rash are not ususally tested on to determine the diagnosis. In both the early and late stage of the disease, there is a high possibility of false negatives. Late stage symptoms will be more difficult to diagnose due to the variety of symptoms that overlap with other better known diseases.

Serological tests: Western Blotting, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA), Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) etc.

Link : http://en.wikipedia.org > wiki>Lyme_disease
Link : http://www.cdc.gov >ncidod>dvbid>lyme>

Our Group Expectations

With 6 people being posted to different locations for our Student Internship Programme, we hope this blog will not only allow us to keep in touch with each other for the 20 weeks but also allow us to learn from each other's experiences.

We will try to post interesting blog entries as frequent as possible so that not only will our group members benefit from all the information posted but anyone who reads our blog will enjoy reading them! =D

Always remember: LEARNING IS FOR LIFE!